Condenser



Oct. 15 1929. T. A. E. BELT CONDENSER Original Filed Nov. 12. 1926 veht 01*".

Patented Oct. 15, 1929 I um'reo s'rATEs PATENT OFFICE THOMAS A. E. BELT, OF SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OI NEW YORK oon'nnivsnn Application filed November 12, 1926, Serial No. 148,073. Renewed January 22, 1929.

My invention relates to condensers. More particularly it relates to condensers ofthe type which are especially adapted foruse in connection with carrier currents and the like.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a condenser in the form of a cable with a form of terminal especially adapted for a condenser of this type. A further object is to provide a condenser of the foregoing character which is comparatively inexpensive, the construction of which is simple and reliable, and the capacity of which can be readily varied by changing the length of the cable. i

Other features-of the invention will become evident from the following specification and claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawing.

. Referring to the drawing, Fig. 1 shows one" form of condenser in elevation involving my invention; Fig. 2 shows the upper portion of the condenser in section; Fig. 3 shows a pair of condensers of the type shownin Fig. 1 connected to an electric line; and Fig. 4 shows another formof the condenser in which the cable section is not looped, but is in the form of a straight piece.

The specific looped form of condenser shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 is not claimed herein but is claimed in application Serial No. 217,252, filed Sept. 2, 1927 by Eugene D. Eby.

Referring more in detail to the drawing, it will be seen that'the condenser comprises a cable section 2 folded in.the form of a loop, the ends of which cable are provided with a terminal arrangement comprising a hollow 'i pjeftticoat bushing 3 and a hollow casing 4,

' within which casing and bushing, oil or any other suitable insulation fluid is contained. As shown, the top of the bushing is provided with a cap element 5 within which there is provided a breathing element 5 in the form of a sylphon element. Secured to the casing 4 and to the lower. portion of the bushing 8 there is provided a framework G'for holding the lower portion of the cable 2 in position, thereby preventing the cable from flexing from side to side. .This framework is made up preferably of angle iron, the support being arranged on both sides of cable 2. The two sectlons of the angle frame structure may be drawn together and held together in any suitable manner, as for example, by means of bolts which may be applied to the lower portion of the structure at any point or point-s desired. For example, the structure may be drawn together by means of a bolt at the point of intersection 7 Referring to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the cable in the particular form shown is hollow. The inner conductor 8 is provided with aduct 9 which extends all the way through the cable. This inner conductor is provided with the usual form of insulation 10 and may be formed, for example, of a hollow cable of woven wire strands. The cable is provided with the usual lead sheath 11 which forms the pouter plate of the condenser. As illustrated in the drawing, the terminals of the inner con- 7 ductor 8 are electrically connected to the head 12 of a bolt, the stem 13 of which is threaded as indicated. The bolt is supported by a cap element 14, which element is seated on the upper end of the petticoat insulator 3. The

upper end of the insulator is provided with a metal collar 16 which is suitably secured to the insulator, as for example, by means of cement or the like. As indicated, the cap 14 is bolted in position to the collar 16. It will be seen further that the bolt 13 is provided with nuts 17 which serve to prevent the threaded section 13 of the bolt which supports the cable from falling through. The threaded portion of the bolt 13 passes through a plate 18, which latter is secured to the cap 14 by means of screws 19. As indicated, the cap 14 is provided with ducts 20 for the pur-- pose of providing passage for the oil. The cap 14 is provided with a" head plate 21 which, as indicated, is fastened to the cap 14 by means of the screws 22. The plate 21 is provided with a threaded opening for receiving a threaded pipe 23 to the upper end of which is screwed the sylphon element 5. It will be understood that between the cap 14 and the bushing 3, and also between the plate 21 and the cap 14, suitable gaskets are provided in order to make oil tight joints. -As will be seen from the drawing (Fig. 2), the

22 menses base of the porcelain bushing 3 rests upon a metalplate 24. There is also providedainetal collar 25 around the lower end of the bush 'ing, which collar is suitably secured to the bushing, asfor example, by means of cement. As indicated, the plate 24 is secured to'the collar 25, and therefore the bushing 3 by means of bolts 26. Between the plate 24 and the bushing 3 there is provided a gasket 27 to insure an oil tight connection between the bushing and the plate. As will be seen from the drawing, and particularly from Figs. 1 and 2, the casing 4 is provided with a flange 28 which rests within a circular recess about the inner rim of the plate 24. The casing 4 is provided with an extension 29 which is alsoprovided with a flange, which as shown, is seated on top of the flange 28. As will be seen, both of the flanges, that is the flange of the casing 4 and the flange of the extension 29, are clamped in position between the gasket 27 and the heel of the bushing 3, thus insuring an oil tight connection between the casing, the p1ate24, and the bushing 3. It will be seen that the lower end of the casing 4 is covered by a construction consisting of plates 30 and 31 which are provided with downwardly extending tubular extensions 32 and 33, respectively; These plates are bound to each other by means of bolts 34 and fastened to the lower end of the casing by bolts 35, the connection being such as to insure oiltight connections. Between the tubular extension 32 and the sheath 11 of the cable 2 the connection is sealed by means of a lead joint 36. Similarly, by means of a lead joint 37 the other extension 33 is connected with the other end of the lead sheath 11, thus insuring oil-tight joints between the ends of the sheath 11 and the extensions 32 and 33. Itwill be seen that the extension 32 is provided with a threaded plug 38 and the extension 33 is I provided with a threaded plug 39. Also it will be seen that the top of the sylphon element 5 is providedwith a threaded plug 40. The casing 5, which rests on the cap 14 at the top of bushing 3, serves as a shield for the sylphon element 5, and also serves as a terminal for the inner conducting element of the condenser, a suitable flange .41 being provided to which wires for connecting electrical connections may be secured. The casing 5, as will be seen, is securely bolted to the cap element 14, thus insuring electrical con nection with the inner conductor 8 of the cable. v The connection with the sheath element 11, which serves as the outer elementof the condenser, may of course be made in any suitable manner; one manner is indicated in Fig. 3, a clamp 42 being provided for making electrical connection with the sheath.

As indicated in Fig. '2, the structuraliron work 6 is secured to the plate 24 at the bottom of the-bushing 3 by any suitable means, such for example, as the bolts 43.

After the condenser has been assembled, it is tilled with a suitable insulating fluid such as oil or carbon tetrachloride, as for example, through the sylphon element 5 by removing the plug 40. The oil of course pass as through the sylphon element 5 and down through the pipe 23 into the chamber below in which is located the threaded element 13, thence the oil passes through the ducts 20 to within the bushing element 3. Inasmuch as there is a spacing between the rim of the plate 18 and the inner walls of the bushing the oil passes down below the plate 18 filling in all the space v between the cable and the walls of the bushing. The oil then passes down between the extension 29 of the casing-4 and the casing 4 and the cable to the region below the flange 28 to within the casing 4 reaching down as far as the joints 36 and 37, and in fact, permeating the whole cable, the insulating material such as paper and the like being all permeated with the-oil. When the condenser is filled with oil, variations in temperature will of course cause contraction and expansion, and therefore the head of the oil will rise and fall. It is thefunction of the sylphon element 5 to allow for this expansion and contraction. It will be seen that a window 43 is provided in the casing 5. Through this window the sylphon element 5 may be seen and the condition of the oil with respect to contraction and expansion or leakage can be readily determined. a

Within the condenser, I have provided tubular metal shields 44 and 45, the 'function of these shields being to properly distribute the electrostatic stresses to insure against overstraining in the region about themfas is well understood.

In Fig. 3 I have shown how two condensers, the subject matter of this invention, are con: nected to two of the legs of a three-phase power line. It will be seen, therefore, that I i.

provide a condenser of very simple construc- 1 v tion and comparatively inexpensive. I provide a type of construction such that the ca- I pacity of the condenser is readily changed by changing the length of the cable. I provide 'tainer filled with oil or other-suitable dielectric. This form of construction of the device is indicated in Fig. 4. As indicated in this figure, the sheath'45 is sealed olf by means of a hollow sphere 46, a suitable fluidtight joint 47 being provided between the sheath and the sphere. The conductor 48 within the cable is brought out into a spherical terminal 49. The solid insulating material about the conductor 48 is allowed to extend within the sphere 46 as far as the terminal 419. For the purpose of conveying the insulating fluid into the sphere 4,6, the sphere is provided with an orifice, which orifice is stopped with a threaded plug 51.

' It will be understood that the container or bushing shown in Fig. 2 may be considered as extending from the top terminal of the device, Fig. 2, all the way down to the sheath 11. With the form of arrangement shown in Fig. 4, the cable portion of the device instead ot being in the form of a loop, as shown in Fig. 1, is in the form of a single pendant cable section, the lower terminal of the cable being as indicated in Fig. 4. In this form of condenser it is obvious that the casing t (see Figs. 1 and 2) is provided with a single extension, such as the extension 32 or 33, Fig.

2. Preferably, of course, the extension would be centrally located to enable the cable to hang straight, as indicated in Fig. 4.

It will be understood that while I have described my invention in connection with a specific form of construction, I do not wish to be so limited inasmuch as my invention is of considerable scope as determined by the claims contained herein, the scope of which claims of course cover other modifications that will be readily suggested in view of the disclosure.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In a condenser, in combination, a container, and an insulating fluid in said container, a cable having a metal sheath and a conductor therein, said conductor being suitably insulated from, the sheath, said container serving also as a terminal bushing for the condenser, the cable conductor projecting into and through the container and through the insulating fluid therein, and a fluid tight connection between the container and the cable sheath around the point of entrance of the conductor into the container, said conductor serving as one plate of the condenser and said sheath serving as the other plate of the condenser.

2. In a condenser, in combination, a container and an insulating fluid therein, a cable having a metal sheath and a conductor therein, said conductor being insulated from said sheath by solid insulating material said container serving also as a terminal bushing for the condenser, the cable conductor projecting into and through the container and through the fluid therein, and the solid insulation projecting into the container and terminating in fluid therein, and fluid tight connections between the container and the cable sheath around the points of entrance of the conductor into the bushing, said conductor serving terminal for the condenser located on the container, the said conductor being connected to said terminal and a connection to the sheath forming the other terminal of the condenser,

duct-or serving as one plate of the condenser and said sheath serving as the other plate oi the condenser, said conductor being in the form of a hollow cable of wire strands, the hollow cable being open in the container to the fluid therein whereby the insulating fluid may have access to the insulating material located between said sheath and the cable, by way of the core of the cable and between its strands.

4. A condenser consisting of a metal sheath and a metal core insulated from the sheath, said sheath forming one conductor of the condenser. and the metal core forming another conductor of the'condenser, a bushing of insulatin material, said core extending through said bushing, and a terminal for said core secured to one end of said bushing and forming one terminal of the condenser, said sheath being secured to the other end of the bushing and forming the other terminal of the condenser.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 10th day of November, 1926..

.THOMAS A. E. BELT. 

